The Department of State Services said those arrested had travelled from the restive northeast of the country to the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) and were planning on staging attacks in Abuja during the year-end festivities.
"Boko Haram... Has continued to establish and operate sleeper cells whose (sole) mandates are to conduct surveillance and carry out subsequent attacks in the FCT," the DSS said in a statement.
The statement listed the names of 12 suspected Boko Haram members, including a Niger national, who were arrested in Abuja and neighbouring towns between October 29 and December 1.
Hundreds of people have been killed in Abuja in recent years in attacks blamed on Boko Haram, including the bombing of a United Nations building which left 25 dead in 2011.
Overall, the group's six-year old insurgency has killed some 17,000 people and displaced 2.5 million others, mostly in Nigeria.
Despite a regional military offensive against Boko Haram this year, its fighters have continued to stage guerrilla-style attacks in Nigeria and neighbouring Niger, Chad and Cameroon.
Nigeria's President Muhammadu Buhari has given his military commanders until the end of the year to end the insurgency, although he has admitted suicide and bomb attacks may continue.
