The newer estimates put the number of compromised records at between 9 million and 14 million going back to the 1980s, said one congressional official and one former US official, who spoke to The Associated Press on condition of anonymity because information disclosed in the confidential briefings includes classified details of the investigation.
There are about 4.2 million federal employees, so the majority of the records exposed relate to former employees.
The latest revelation came a day after a major union said the cyber theft is more damaging than it first appeared, asserting that hackers stole personnel data and Social Security numbers for all the federal workers in a central personnel database.
The Obama administration had acknowledged that up to 4 million current and former employees whose information resides in the Office of Personnel Management server are affected by the December cyber breach, but it had been vague about exactly what was taken.
But the American Federation of Government Employees said in a letter Thursday that it believes that "the hackers are now in possession of all personnel data for every federal employee, every federal retiree, and up to 1 million former federal employees."
The union believes the hackers stole military records and veterans' status information, address, birth date, job and pay history, health insurance, life insurance, and pension information; and age, gender and race data, he said.
Also Thursday, Sen Harry Reid of Nevada, the Democratic Senate leader, said that the hack was carried out by "the Chinese" without specifying whether he meant the Chinese government or individuals.
Reid is one of eight lawmakers briefed on the most secret intelligence information. US officials have declined to publicly blame China, which has denied involvement.
