Syria's government is waging an offensive to recapture all of second city Aleppo, and it has so far captured more than 60 per cent of eastern districts that fell to rebels in 2012.
In Idlib province, in northwest Syria, at least 26 civilians were killed in suspected Russian strikes on the town of Kafr Nabel, the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights monitor said.
An eyewitness told AFP warplanes hit several places in the town, including a market.
The group said 18 people were also killed in suspected Russian strikes on the town of Maaret al-Numan, where an AFP photographer saw rescue workers and residents trying to pull survivors from rubble at a market.
The monitor reported two additional deaths, one in an earlier strike on Maaret al-Numan and another in Al-Naqir, also in Idlib.
It said six civilians, four of them children, had been killed in a government barrel bomb attack on the town of Al-Tamanah in the same province.
Moscow says it is targeting "terrorists" and has dismissed reports of civilian casualties in its strikes.
In east Aleppo, government forces advanced against rebels, taking three neighbourhoods and pushing into a fourth, state media and the Russian defence ministry said.
The army and allied forces are nearly three weeks into an operation to recapture all of the city, divided between regime and rebel forces since 2012.
Tens of thousands of civilians have fled the offensive, which has made steady gains and threatens to deal Syria's opposition its worst defeat in the five-year civil war.
The Russian defence ministry said regime forces had also taken the district of Karm al-Katurji.
Rebels are increasingly under pressure in the remaining southeastern districts they control.
State news agency SANA said the air force was dropping leaflets over rebel-held areas urging "militants to abandon their weapons and... Allow civilians and the sick and wounded to leave".
Damascus says rebels are preventing civilians from leaving the east and trying to use them as human shields.
But tens of thousands of residents have fled the east as the army has advanced, with some heading south to remaining rebel territory and others going to areas under government or Kurdish control.
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