His successor as president, Maithripala Sirisena, has vowed to thwart his one-time mentor's ambitions while many of Rajapaksa's closest relatives are facing corruption allegations, including his wife.
But the charismatic former strongman has been drawing massive crowds on the election trail across the island, looking to build unstoppable momentum in his quest for an unlikely return to power.
"I would have retired if they were doing a good job," the 69-year-old said in one of his last addresses before Monday's elections to the 225-seat national parliament.
Rajapaksa governed Sri Lanka for nearly a decade and was South Asia's longest-serving ruler before his surprise defeat to Sirisena in a January 8 presidential election.
Sirisena had been the secretary general of Rajapaksa's United People's Freedom Alliance (UPFA) as well as being health minister before he split to run for the presidency.
Rajapaksa is hugely popular among big sections of the ethnic majority Sinhalese community for presiding over the crushing defeat of Tamil guerrillas in 2009 after their 37-year campaign for a separate homeland.
But he is also reviled by many Tamils who voted en masse for Sirisena in January after boycotting previous elections.
Although there are no reliable opinion polls, no single party is expected to win a majority.
Charu Lata Hogg of the London-based Chatham House think-tank said Rajapaksa's entry into the fray has "definitely complicated the complex political scene" but said he would struggle to find allies.
"He is anathema to Tamils and Muslims as he is the personification of state terror," Hogg told AFP.
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