"It's not always true that digital distribution of media will have lower carbon emissions than distribution by physical means, at least when file sizes are large," said researchers.
Researchers from the Yale University looked at the carbon footprint of games for consoles such as PlayStation 3.
They found that Blu-ray Discs delivered via retail stores caused lower greenhouse gas emissions than game files downloaded over broadband Internet.
For their analysis, the investigators estimated total carbon equivalent emissions for an 8.8-gigabyte game because data for 2010 indicated that to be the average game size.
The Internet will become more efficient with time, but game files sizes are likely to continue to increase, making predictions about the relationship between online services and climate change a matter for further research, researchers said.
The study was published in the Journal of Industrial Ecology.
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