Timothy and Hill, considered part of May's inner circle of confidants as her joint chiefs of staff, quit their Downing Street top jobs after coming under fire as the duo responsible for convincing May to call a snap general election with claims that she was assured a landslide victory.
According to reports, May had been given an ultimatum by her own Conservative party colleagues that the pair had to go if she wanted to avert a leadership challenge on Monday.
Timothy accepted responsibility for his role in the Conservative party manifesto, criticised by many party MPs for its policies on social care and pension, which are believed to have cost heavily in the polls.
"In particular, I regret the decision not to include in the manifesto a ceiling as well as a floor in our proposal to help meet the increasing cost of social care.
"But I would like to make clear that the bizarre media reports about my own role in the policy's inclusion are wrong: it had been the subject of many months of work within Whitehall, and it was not my personal pet project."
Hill's departure was announced soon afterby a Conservative party spokesperson asthe news of Timothy's resignation went public.
The twin departures will ease some of the pressure on May, who was accused of ignoring party colleagues and taking unilateral decisions based on advice from her joint chiefs of staff, dubbed "toxic" by some Tories.
Katie Perrior, a former director of communications at No 10 Downing Street, said she respected May but her office was "pretty dysfunctional" with Timothy and Hill being accused of bullying behaviour.
"For two people who have never achieved elected office, I was staggered at the disrespect they showed on a daily basis. I never hated them. I felt sorry for them and how they measured success by how many enemies they had clocked up."
May has said she intends to stay as prime minister despite failing to win a Conservative majority in the election.
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