Parliament's Home Affairs Select Committee said it was unacceptable that police have seized reporters' phone and email data to try to determine sources of leaked information.
Committee chairman Keith Vaz said that using surveillance legislation "to access telephone records of journalists is wrong" and would deter whistleblowers from speaking to reporters.
The committee said in a report that a key piece of surveillance legislation, the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act or RIPA, was being used in a "secretive and disorganized" way that allowed it to be abused.
In the other case, police investigating a speeding infraction involving former government minister Chris Huhne secretly obtained the phone records of a journalist and one of his sources, even though a judge had said the source could remain confidential.
The report said police obtained the information despite a separate law stating that police must apply to a judge to seize journalists' records.
Security Minister James Brokenshire said the government was working on new regulations "to ensure extra consideration should be given to a communications data request involving those in sensitive professions, such as journalists."
The surveillance powers of British police and intelligence agencies have been under scrutiny since former NSA contractor Edward Snowden leaked details of spies' ability to monitor phone and online communications.
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