Chu Anping, a former editor of a Communist newspaper, was the first victim of Mao Zedong's Anti-Rightist Movement in 1957, and was again persecuted at the start of the Cultural Revolution in 1966, disappearing soon afterwards.
Some say Chu committed suicide and others that he was beaten to death by Red Guards, groups of young people tasked with purging ideological "foes" in accordance with Mao's ideas.
The family finally inaugurated a gravestone for Chu this week in Wuxi, in the eastern province of Jiangsu, placing personal belongings in the tomb instead of any remains.
At the ceremony, Chu's son reportedly said: "Today is not a sad day, today is a commemoration, memorial and memorable day."
But the Communist Party, which has rehabilitated almost all of the 550,000 who were persecuted under the Anti-Rightist Movement, still views Chu as hostile according to official history.
An opinion piece in the state-run Global Times, affiliated with the People's Daily, re-iterated that stance today.
The Chinese-language op-ed was not printed in the paper's English edition.
Chu penned an article in 1957 criticising the Communist Party, leaving Mao reportedly unable to sleep for days as a result.
Mao responded in the official Communist Party mouthpiece People's Daily with an article that was widely seen as condemning Chu, and subsequently sparked a campaign that persecuted more than half a million people for holding so-called "Rightist" sympathies.
Scholarship within the country is limited to official accounts, although in recent years there have been a select few apologies to individuals for the excesses of the period.
