Traces of moon dust and small rock are embedded in what is the only artifact from the Apollo 11 mission in private hands, says Sotheby's, who is organizing the sale on July 20, the 48th anniversary of the first moon landing in 1969.
"It's a tremendously rare thing," says Cassandra Hatton, vice president and senior specialist in charge of the sale. "Something that was used by the first man, on the first mission to collect the first samples, it's remarkable."
After Apollo 11 returned to Earth, nearly all the equipment from the mission was sent to the Smithsonian, the world's largest museum.
An inventory error however left the sample bag languishing in a box at the Johnson Space Center.
Staff were about to throw it out before offering it to a collector who ran a space museum in Kansas, and kept it unaware of its provenance.
When the collector was later convicted of theft, fraud and money laundering, the FBI seized the box from his garage to auction it off for restitution along with other assets.
Noticing dark smudges inside, she sent it to NASA for testing, which confirmed in 2016 it was indeed moon dust from the Apollo 11 landing site, and that it was the decontamination bag listed in the Apollo 11 stowage list.
A legal battle ensued over ownership, which ended in a federal judge ordering NASA to return the bag to the lawyer -- who is now offering it for sale.
The ruling makes it the only Apollo 11 artifact allowed in private hands.
The bag, made of the same fire-retardant material as space suits and with a tear underneath, is the star lot in a space exploration sale.
Another highlight is the Apollo 13 flight plan, valued at USD 30-40,000, which records actions taken by the crew, including after the explosion that led to the famed "Houston, we've had a problem" call.
Apollo 13 was supposed to be the third US moon landing attempt. But an oxygen tank exploded two days after its April 1970 launch, badly damaging the spacecraft some 200,000 miles from Earth.
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