"Our newest and best things are being deployed to this part of the world," Carter said in Seoul - the second leg of a visit to the two key US military allies in the region, Japan and South Korea.
The Pentagon chief said his talks with South Korean Defence Minister Han Min-Koo had included a "candid assessment" of the threat posed to the Korean peninsula - "and the US homeland" - by North Korea's nuclear weapons and ballistic missile programme.
The North fired two surface-to-air missiles off its west coast on Tuesday, just as Carter arrived in Japan on the first leg of his tour.
Earlier, it had test fired a series of short range ballistic missiles to express its anger with annual South Korean-US military exercises which Pyongyang condemns as rehearsals for invasion.
The United States has close to 30,000 troops permanently stationed in South Korea and would assume operational command of both armed forces in the event of a conflict with the North.
Stressing that military deterrence and readiness were "at a premium" on the divided peninsula, Carter said the US was investing in "advanced capabilities .... Tailored to this dynamic security environment."
Asked to expand, he cited new stealth bombers, F-35 stealth fighters and highly developed cyber warfare systems that could be rotationally deployed in the Asian theatre.
North Korea has an advanced cyber warfare capability which it has wielded in damaging hacking assaults on South Korean financial institutions.
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