UN atomic watchdog urges Iran to give full data on nuclear stockpile

The UN atomic watchdog's board of governors urged Iran on Thursday to extend full and prompt cooperation, provide the agency's inspectors with precise information about its stockpile of near weapons-grade uranium and grant access to the country's nuclear sites.

The development sets the stage for a likely further escalation of tensions between the UN nuclear agency and Iran, which has reacted strongly to similar moves by the watchdog in the past. There was no immediate response from Tehran.

Nineteen countries on the International Atomic Energy Agency's 35-member board voted for the resolution at the IAEA's headquarters in Vienna, according to diplomats who spoke on condition of anonymity to describe the outcome of the closed-door vote.

Russia, China and Niger opposed it, while 12 countries abstained and one did not vote.

The resolution was put forward by France, the United Kingdom, Germany and the United States. A draft was seen by The Associated Press.

Iran is legally obliged to cooperate with the IAEA under the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty. But it has not yet provided IAEA inspectors with access to nuclear sites that were affected by the war with Israel in June.

The agency also has been unable to verify the status of the stockpile of near weapons-grade uranium since Israel and the United States struck the country's nuclear sites during the 12-day war in June, according to a confidential IAEA report seen by the AP last week.

According to the IAEA, Iran maintains a stockpile of 440.9 kilograms (972 pounds) of uranium enriched up to 60 per cent purity a short, technical step away from weapons-grade levels of 90 per cent.

That stockpile could allow Iran to build as many as 10 nuclear bombs, should it decide to weaponise its program, IAEA director general Rafael Grossi warned in a recent interview with the AP. He added that it doesn't mean that Iran has such a weapon.

Such highly enriched nuclear material should normally be verified every month, according to the IAEA's guidelines.

Iran suspended all cooperation with the IAEA after the war with Israel. Grossi then reached an agreement with Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi in Cairo in early September to resume inspections.

But later that month, the UN reimposed crushing sanctions on Iran via the so-called snapback mechanism contained in the 2015 Iran nuclear deal, drawing an angry response from Tehran and leading it to halt implementation of the Cairo agreement.

The snapback mechanism reactivated six UN Security Council resolutions that address Iran's nuclear and ballistic missile program, reinstated economic sanctions against Iran and contained other restrictions, such as halting all uranium enrichment.

Thursday's resolution instructed Grossi to report on the implementation of the reinstated restrictions.

It also requested that Grossi ensure that his reporting includes information on the verification of Iran's uranium stockpile, including the locations, quantities, chemical forms, and enrichment levels, and the inventories of centrifuges and related equipment.

Iran has long insisted its program is peaceful, but the IAEA and Western nations say Tehran had an organised nuclear weapons program up until 2003.

Thursday's resolution demanded that Iran act strictly in accordance with the so-called Additional Protocol that it signed in 2003 but never ratified.

That protocol grants more powers and oversight to the IAEA, especially when it comes to conducting snap inspections at undeclared nuclear sites.

Iran suspended its implementation of the Additional Protocol in 2021 in response to the United States' withdrawal from the 2015 nuclear deal that lifted economic sanctions in exchange for restrictions on Iran's nuclear program.