Cholesterol linked to aggressive prostate cancer treatment

In a discovery that can help devise a novel diagnostic approach for aggressive prostate cancer, scientists have found a link between the aggressiveness of the disease and the accumulation of a compound produced when cholesterol is metabolised in cells.

Using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy, the researchers showed that depletion of the 'cholesteryl ester' compound significantly reduced prostate cancer cell proliferation - suppressing the growth of tumors in mice.

"The research found that depleting cholesteryl ester significantly impairs prostate cancer aggressiveness," said Ji-Xin Cheng, a professor at Purdue University's Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering.

"Cholesteryl ester accumulation might be used for more accurate prediction of prostate cancer aggressiveness, if validated through correlation assessment of cholesteryl ester levels and clinical outcomes of patients," said Timothy Ratliff, director of Purdue University's Centre for Cancer Research.

The researchers learned that cholesteryl ester accumulation results from the loss of a tumour-suppressing gene called 'PTEN' and the activation of an intracellular metabolic pathway promoting tumour growth.

Two drugs - avasimibe and sandoz 58-035 - reduced the accumulation of cholesteryl ester and significantly hindered advanced prostate cancer growth in lab cell cultures.

These drugs did not show toxicity to animals.

The present study highlights a novel use of these drugs to treat advanced prostate cancer, added Cheng in a paper published in the journal Cell Metabolism.