The "Children of the Recession" study showed that the number of minors living in poverty in 41 countries had swollen to 76.5 million since the deepest crisis since the Great Depression took hold.
"Many affluent countries have suffered a 'great leap backwards' in terms of household income, and the impact on children will have long-lasting repercussions for them and their communities," said Jeffrey O'Malley, UNICEF's head of global policy and strategy.
It found that in 23 of the 41 countries, child poverty had risen as a direct result of the crisis.
Children were particularly hard-hit in nations that have suffered the most. In Ireland, Croatia, Latvia, Greece and Iceland, poverty rates rose by over 50 per cent.
In Greece, the most symbolic of all Europe's crisis casualties, median household incomes for families with children had sunk to the 1998 level - the equivalent of receding 14 years on the income ladder.
Families with children in Iceland lost nine years, while Italy, Hungary and Portugal lost eight.
Underlining the impact of the crisis, UNICEF said the percentage of households unable to buy meat, chicken or fish every two days had more than doubled in countries such as Estonia, Greece and Italy.
It said while early stimulus programmes in some countries were effective in shielding children, by 2010 the bulk of countries had pivoted to budget cuts.
The negative impact on children was particularly potent in the Mediterranean region, it said.
"UNICEF research shows that the strength of social protection policies was a decisive factor in poverty prevention," said O'Malley.
In the United States, where extreme child poverty has risen more in this slump than during the recession of 1982, social safety nets provided key support to poor working families but were less effective for the jobless ultra-poor, UNICEF said.
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