Palmer paid USD 55,000 for the hunt earlier this month in which he shot the lion with a powerful bow and arrow outside Hwange national park in the west of Zimbabwe.
Cecil, who had a distinctive black mane, was a popular tourist draw at the park and was also wearing a tracking collar as part of an Oxford university research project.
As worldwide outrage over the shooting continued, French actress and animal activist Brigitte Bardot described Palmer as a "serial killer" who deserved "exemplary punishment".
"We are appealing to the responsible authorities for (Palmer's) extradition to Zimbabwe so that he can be made accountable for his illegal actions," environment minister Oppah Muchinguri told reporters in Harare.
"It was too late to apprehend the foreign poacher as he had already absconded to his country of origin."
Bronkhorst, who organised the expedition, was granted bail by the Hwange court on Wednesday after being charged with "failing to prevent an illegal hunt".
"We shot an old male lion that I believed was past his breeding age," Bronkhorst said in telephone interview with AFP. "I don't think that I've done anything wrong."
"That was taken with the client's camera, so I don't have access to it," Bronkhorst said.
"Both I and the client were extremely devastated that this thing had a collar on because at no time did we see a collar on this lion prior to shooting it.
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