Economic Liberalisation

Nitin Desai says India's reform ideas predated 1991, but the bigger challenge now is boosting manufacturing and new businesses to create jobs and move workers out of agriculture

Delhi's post-liberalisation growth turned it into a services powerhouse, but housing shortages, unplanned urbanisation, pollution and infrastructure gaps continue to test the capital

India has come a long way since 1991... But sustaining that progress will require new reforms. If the past 30 years were about opening the economy, the next 30 must be about strengthening institutions

Family-owned companies accounted for 72 per cent of the combined revenues of listed firms in FY26, up from 50 per cent in FY01

Three decades after liberalisation, private capital, PPPs and policy reforms have transformed India's infrastructure landscape, powering connectivity, logistics and large-scale investment

India's IT industry was built not just on Y2K, but on the 1991 reforms that opened capital, technology, telecom and global markets, creating a powerful engine of exports and foreign exchange

India's development ambitions will depend not on promises alone, but on sustained reforms, better-designed welfare, inclusive products, capable leadership and accountability

India's development ambitions will depend not on promises alone, but on sustained reforms, better-designed welfare, inclusive products, capable leadership and accountability

India needs faster tariff cuts, deeper trade integration and stronger investment treaties to boost exports, attract FDI and sustain the high growth needed to become a developed economy

Jairam Ramesh says the 1991 reforms transformed India's economy, but reviving private investment is now the country's biggest economic policy challenge

Three decades of reforms, technology and regulation have transformed India's capital markets into one of the world's most efficient, transparent and accessible investment ecosystems

A balance of payments crisis, emergency gold pledges, and a reform-driven Budget in 1991 set India on the path towards economic liberalisation

"We can no longer be happy with protectionism. We must free the MSME sector and stop harassing them with so many inspectors. If necessary, we can build a stronger venture capital ecosystem for them"

Since 1991, RBI has played key role in averting crises that posed a threat to India's economy

Strong, decisive rule is not the only way to effectiveness. Our experience since 1991 shows diffused economic and political power can deliver the goods even better

The emergence of the house of Adani is both unusual and remarkable. A new biography of the business tycoon attempts to lay bare the secrets behind his stupendous trajectory, but leaves many questions

Irani transformed Tata Steel totally to make it the world's lowest-cost steel producer by 2001, completely revamped technology and used his phrase "Customer Har Haal Me" to augment user delight

If India is now considered having the potential to be a leading economy, the 1991 reforms made it possible.

Major economic reforms in the early 1990s changed the face of the Indian economy

Here are the best of Business Standard's opinion pieces for Monday