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The clock is ticking on demographic dividend

A large number of people between 15 and 60 may result in faster economic growth

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census

Devangshu Datta
The postponement of the 2021 Census was inevitable. But the findings of the National Family Health Survey-5 are startling and the Census will be awaited with eagerness. There are intriguing claims in the NFHS-5 data suggesting long-term demographic trends have changed.

First, caveats. NFHS-5 interviewed 8,00,000-9,00,000 people across 6,00,000 households in two phases. The questionnaire for women had 1,140 questions, while the one for men had 843. This is a large sample. But it’s small as a percentage of the population and it may be biased.

The sex ratios are based on a rough-and-ready counting of the number of people present in
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