Forty years ago, the combined value on the stock market of the listed companies belonging to the 30 largest business “houses” was Rs 6,200 crore. GDP at the time was 28 times bigger (Rs 1.75 lakh crore). The combined value of companies listed on the National Stock Exchange today is about 15 per cent more than GDP, which last year was Rs 197 lakh crore. There has been a fair bit of churn in the private sector. While stock market indices hold up a mirror to the changed reality, they don’t show the full picture — partly because large unlisted

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