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The politics of surrender isn't new. It is ingrained in Indian culture

Why our institutions and politicians aren't protective of individual freedom and the rule of law

illustration: Binay Sinha
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illustration: Binay Sinha

Aakar Patel
In 1995, in a rare instance of internal indiscipline, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in Gujarat split. The dispute was obviously over who would lead and who would get what ministry, even if the arguments were couched in more principled terms. The factions were led by Keshubhai Patel and Shankarsinh Vaghela. It was this squabble that began a series of events that ultimately led the then prime minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee to install as chief minister the man who currently leads India.

In that period, the BJP had names for the two rival factions. Those rebel legislators who left with
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