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Lok Sabha Elections: Why coalition govts are better for reforms in India

Most observers agree that, while Modi may return to power, his party will probably no longer have a majority in Parliament on its own. If so, we will be back in the coalition era

Nitish Kumar
premium

Prime Minister Narendra Modi shares a light moment with Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar, during an election rally, ahead of the Lok Sabha polls, in Gaya | Photo credit: PTI

Mihir S Sharma | Bloomberg
For three decades, until elections in 2014, India’s voters refused to give any single political party a majority in Parliament. It was an age of coalitions — of dissonant and divided cabinets, prime ministers who ruled by consensus, and policy constructed after painstaking negotiation. It was also the era when the Indian economy came of age. The country opened up, reformed, achieved high growth rates and lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty.

Yet many proponents of reform seem to think coalition governments are inherently a bad idea. They argue that the best outcome of the current elections, for