A 2017 RBI rule barring merchants from passing debit card MDR to customers could guide safeguards against similar charges on UPI payments
The Bill opens the door to selective UPI MDR, but leaves the operating details undecided. Here are six questions the final framework will need to answer before any charge takes effect
UPI payments are free for merchants, while card transactions carry MDR. Here's why the two digital payment systems have different costs and how a possible UPI charge could work
It is worth seeing the argument from a perspective that does not limit itself to asking how UPI infrastructure costs ought to be funded
The debate over UPI pricing is shifting as zero-MDR strains the ecosystem, raising questions over who should bear costs and whether a calibrated MDR can sustain digital public infrastructure
Restoring MDR for high-threshold transactions/merchants; or a tiered incentive structure
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"No MDR framework has yet been finalised," Sitharaman said. She added that consumers would continue to make instant digital payments through UPI without paying a transaction charge
The Ministry of Finance said UPI users will continue to pay no transaction charges, while a possible MDR could apply only to select merchant transactions above a threshold.
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The Taxation and Other Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2026, could pave the way for an MDR on UPI. Here's how MDR works, the current structure and what may change
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Proposed amendment shifts the power to notify fee-protected payment modes to the Centre, a move industry sources see as an early step towards a possible UPI MDR
The report said that UPI is well positioned to consolidate its role as the backbone of India's payments landscape on the back of interoperability and a conducive regulatory environment
MDR refers to a fee that merchants pay banks or companies processing payments for executing a transaction
"The Government remains fully committed to promoting digital payments via UPI," the finance ministry said
MDR refers to a fee that merchants pay banks or companies (fintech) processing payments for executing a transaction
"In the long run, the payments ecosystem has to be viable in a country of our scale," said Bulusu
Education and awareness among the masses will absorb more users in the fold of digital payments
Is it time to rethink the MDR on credit cards in general, to boost their usage?