RBI Deputy Governor S C Murmu says MDR will help the payments ecosystem recover costs, while cash continues to retain a significant role as a store of value
Proposal needs Sebi representation, followed by RBI, govt nod
Industry bodies say small retailers could seek to avoid the 0.4 per cent UPI MDR by shifting to bank transfers, splitting transactions or passing on the cost
In this episode of Macro Matters, Ankur Bhardwaj speaks with A K Bhattacharya, Archis Mohan and Sanjeeb Mukherjee on UPI charges, Tata’s succession question, an expanded BRICS and how the West Asia.
Concerns that introducing a Merchant Discount Rate (MDR) would spur a surge in cash transactions are unlikely to materialise, RBI Deputy Governor Shirish Chandra Murmu said on Friday, adding that it was only an "initial apprehension". From October 15, a 0.4 per cent MDR will apply to person-to-merchant UPI payments above Rs 2,000. The charge will be paid by merchants, not consumers, and will be capped at Rs 300 for transactions of Rs 75,000 or more. Payments between individuals, as well as the vast majority of everyday merchant payments, will remain free. "I don't think that apprehension will come true. It will be just initial apprehension," Murmu said while addressing a financial market conclave hosted here by BCC&I on whether more cash would be used because of MDR. "Because it is a major shift in terms of how basically you are recovering the cost. So, that's why it may be apprehension only. I don't think this will have any impact, unlike some voices about whether cash will go up
The 0.4 per cent charge on merchant UPI payments above Rs 2,000 could generate up to Rs 20,600 crore annually, but retailers and fuel dealers fear margin pressure and a possible shift towards cash
Congress says no specific UPI fee proposal was discussed by the finance panel, disputing the government's claim of MPs' support
Cash in circulation rises 12.5% as UPI grows, raising concerns that MDR could slow the shift to digital payments
Petroleum dealers have sought exemption from MDR on UPI fuel purchases above Rs 2,000, warning that the additional transaction cost could put pressure on prescribed dealer margins
₹1 lakh via UPI can mean different merchant-side charges depending on where you pay. Here’s what the new MDR rules mean for family transfers, shops, stockbrokers and bills—and whether you pay anything
UPI will remain free for consumers, but certain merchants will pay a 0.4% merchant discount rate on transactions above ₹2,000 from October 15.
Assocham said the new UPI MDR framework for high-value merchant payments will support investment in technology and infrastructure, while helping expand UPI acceptance across the country
UPI carries 0.02% MDR, capped at ₹300, while netbanking costs ₹8-12, negotiated between banks and payment service providers
Brokerages expect banks to receive the largest share of the levy, while Paytm, Pine Labs and other fintechs could gain from higher transaction-linked revenue annually
Finance Ministry rejects claims of US pressure behind UPI MDR, as Opposition parties and trader groups demand reconsideration of the new merchant fee
The framework excludes UPI-linked CC payments, and is expected to affect only 4 per cent of merchant transaction volume.
UPI apps say their Rs 1 share from a Rs 5 MDR on larger bill payments will not cover Bharat Bill Payment System commissions, while smaller transactions earn nothing at all
Experts say GST will raise the upfront cost of accepting eligible UPI payments, but registered businesses can offset the tax through input tax credit, subject to applicable rules.
Petitioner questions the amended payment law, lack of gazette publication and differing treatment of UPI and RuPay debit-card transactions under the new framework
Industry body says the charge could drive small merchants back to cash, weaken formalisation and undermine digital payment adoption during the festive season across India.