Police removed a stash of nearly 4,000 gasoline bombs left behind by protesters, who fought pitched battles about two weeks ago with riot officers on surrounding streets
Renewed calls to hit the streets came after Beijing and city leader Carrie Lam refused further political concessions despite a landslide victory for pro-democracy parties in local elections last week
The face-off holds lessons for 'strong' governments
Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Le Yucheng also summoned US Ambassador to China Terry Branstad 'to lodge stern representations and strong protest' to the passing of the Act
Trump prompted questions about his commitment to protecting freedoms in Hong Kong when he referred in August to its mass street protests as "riots" that were a matter for China to deal with
The likelihood of Beijing offering any new concessions in the short term remains slim, observers say, given the tough line taken so far.
The protest movement has made five key demands, including direct popular elections and a probe into alleged police brutality. Lam has dismissed the idea of government concessions as "wishful thinking"
The vote unfolded peacefully despite concerns it could be delayed or disrupted by violence following unrest in the leadup
Amid concerns that violence could cause authorities to delay the polls, first-time voters have been advised online to avoid spoiling their ballots
Investors who had sought the safety of government bonds, the yen and gold in early trade shifted back from those positions after China reportedly invited U.S. negotiators for talks.
China had already threatened retaliation if the bill is signed into law by President Donald Trump
The mood in markets soured after the US Senate angered China by passing a bill requiring annual certification of Hong Kong's autonomy and warning Beijing against suppressing protesters
Vice foreign minister Ma Zhaoxu called in acting charge d'affaires William Klein to lodge a 'strong protest'
The lawmakers also approved a measure that would ban the sale of tear gas, rubber bullets and other equipment that has been used by security forces to suppress the protests in Hong Kong
Since the siege began Sunday, more than 1,000 people were arrested and hundreds of injured treated at hospitals
The statement could further fan the flames in Hong Kong after months of violent protests over concerns that Beijing is chipping away at the autonomy of the financial hub
Some protesters were arrested, tackled to the ground, as others scrambled and tripped over barricades and fences as police pointed guns at them and threw punches
The unrest, raging for almost six months, and an escalating Sino-U.S. trade war has pushed the Asian financial hub into recession for the first time in a decade.
Several loud blasts were heard around dawn on Monday before a wall of fire lit up an entrance to the Hong Kong Polytechnic University
China has repeatedly warned that it will not tolerate the dissent, and there have been concerns that Beijing could send in troops to put an end to the unrest